GRE (12 Oct’08 iii)
1. impudent : rash indiscreet
im·pu·dent (im′pyo̵̅o̅ dənt)
adjective
- Obsolete immodest; shameless
- shamelessly bold or disrespectful; saucy; insolent
Etymology: ME impudens in-, not + pudens, modest, orig. prp. of pudere, to feel shame
- fellow: What careless or what impudent fellows these must have been.
- scoundrel: But directly afterward the impudent scoundrel who had taken hold of my arm came up and began to speak to the chamberlain in German.
- man: Shammai, a surveyor, chased away the impudent man with a measuring rod.
- fool: Some people say it’s only shyness — impudent fools.
- thing: What an impudent thing To make game of a king!
Modifying Another Word
—Addison,Joseph
Idonot know whether itoughttobe so, butcertainlysilly things do cease to be silly if theyare done by sensible people in an impudent way.Wickedness is always wickedness, but folly is not always folly. It depends upon the character of those who handle it.
—Austen,Jane
2.
- too hasty or incautious in acting or speaking; reckless
- characterized by too great haste or recklessness a rash act
- Obsolete bringing quick results
Etymology: ME rasch, prob. ræsc, akin to ON röskr, Ger rasch
- an eruption of spots on the skin, usually temporary
- a sudden appearance of a large or excessive number of instances a rash of complaints
Etymology: MFr rasche rasica, a scraping: see rascal
rash
modif.
Antonyms calm*, cautious*, level-headed.
rash
n.
Converse of object
- generalize: Signs Patients are unwell with fever, swelling of the lymph glands and frequently a generalized rash.
- blister: The doctor may examine your abdomen, or look for the blistering rash on your skin, and check for mouth ulcers.
- induce: Enlighten is not suitable for those with porphyria or any history of light induced rashes.
- cause: Some plants can cause skin rashes either by contact with the outer cells or the sap.
Adjective modifier
- itchy: The symptoms include a red, itchy rash where the allergen has been in contact with the skin.
- diaper: A quarter of babies in the study suffered diaper rash within the first four weeks of life.
- vesicular: A vesicular rash restricted to the distribution of a single sensory nerve is the classic skin lesion of shingles.
- erythematous: An erythematous macular rash is present in around 50 % of patients.
- maculopapular: Nausea, vomiting and watery diarrhea occur with some patients developing a maculopapular rash, red eyes and have hiccups.
Modifies a noun
- vest: Rash vests are used underneath a suit to prevent rubbing of the neoprene against the skin which can cause chaffing in joint areas.
- promise: Notes In times of trouble the alternative response to rash promises to God is believing prayer.
- illness: Problems arise when investigation commences four weeks or more after the onset of rash illness.
- decision: We must not make rash decisions now that we may regret in years to come.
Noun used with modifier
- nettle: She has a kind of nettle rash on her back.
- diaper: A safe remedy for babies ‘ complaints, such as diaper rash or an inflamed navel or penis.
- skin: Skin rash Dry skin, nail problems, hair loss.
- shaving: It now feels itchy, burning and I think I also have shaving rash.
- lupus: Can the lupus skin rashes spread inside the mouth?
- sweat: However, the warmer weather arrived and a sweat rash appeared.
Be not rash with thy mouth, and let not thine heart be hasty toutterany thing before God: for God isinheaven, and thou upon earth: therefore let thy words be few.
You look rather rash my dear your colors don’t quite match your face.
There will be a quick rash of hairy American filth, but it shouldn’t threaten the existence of decent, serious British filth.
im·petu·ous (im pec̸h′o̵̅o̅ əs)
adjective
- moving with great force or violence; having great impetus; rushing; furious impetuous winds
- acting or done suddenly with little thought; rash; impulsive
Etymology: ME impetuouse impetueuse impetuosus impetus: see impetus
impetuous
modif.
impulsive, hasty, precipitate, sudden; see careless 1, changeable 1, rash. See syn. study at sudden.
- youth: I suspect he may have been shot by impetuous youths.
- nature: Catherine was in high spirits, for riding most gratified her impetuous nature.
- man: He was an impetuous man, quick in his decisions.
- behavior: There are no obvious examples of Hungarian Knights displaying the impetuous behavior of, for example their French counterparts.
- stream: There is no coming back, young ladies, on the impetuous stream of life.
- one: Sometimes he wrote under pseudonyms, Eusebius ( representing his lyrical, contemplative side ) and Florestan ( his fiery, impetuous one ).
Modifying Another Word
- so: His rush was so impetuous, that he fairly overturned several of his opponents by dashing against them.
- too: If things didn’t ‘ come right ‘ instantly, I was too impetuous, too lazy maybe, to stick with them.
- very: They’re very scattered, very impetuous, very spontaneous.
- somewhat: If you knew me as a bright and somewhat impetuous youth, and could meet me now, you would see the same entity.
- rather: Vampires: Nat Mackensie ( Charles Lister ) a rather impetuous mercenary is bitten on the arm in Afghanistan 1989 by a prisoner.
- little: Perhaps tends to be a little impetuous, but experience will cure this.
4. profundity : depth
- depth, esp. great depth
- intellectual depth
- a profound idea, matter, etc.
Etymology: ME profundite profunditas
profundity
n.
Preposition: of
- mind: Can we cope with the profundity of the clerical mind?
- experience: Despite the profundity of such experiences modern neuroscience has provided a significant degree of insight into their nature.
- idea: More a gradual unfolding of the profundity of the ideas that permeate the entire play.
Converse of object
- suggest: Such an initiative on the part of the bride is unusual and suggests a metaphoric profundity that will be examined below.
- expect: We have come to expect profundity from everything Libeskind does.
- understand: Readers of my third book ‘ When The Gods Came Down ‘ should understand the profundity of this symbolism.
- contain: I realize that the thoughts I have penned above contain no great profundity.
- have: Flowers have a profundity that has always been valued in the East.
Adjective modifier
- great: I realize that the thoughts I have penned above contain no great profundity.
- deep: The sonatas which he wrote for them have astonishing power, and are a mixture of littering elegance and deep profundity.
- genuine: Creative use of textures, catchy melodies, lyrical hooks, genuine profundity and more.
It is a safe rule to apply that, when a mathematical or philosophical author writeswith a misty profundity, heis talking nonsense.
pitch (pic̸h)
noun
- a black, sticky substance formed in the distillation of coal tar, wood tar, petroleum, etc. and used for waterproofing, roofing, pavements, etc.
- any of certain bitumens, as asphalt, asphaltite, etc.
- a resin found in certain evergreen trees
- any of various synthetic substances having pitchlike properties
Etymology: ME pich pic pix (gen. picis) pi-, to be fat > fat
transitive verb
to cover or smear with or as with pitch
pitch (pic̸h)
transitive verb
- to set up; erect pitch a tent
- to throw; cast, fling, or toss
-
- to toss (coins, quoits, etc.) as at a mark in a contest
- to discard by throwing; throw away
- to set in order for battle: obsolete except in pitched battle
- to fix or set at a particular point, level, degree, etc.
- Informal to try to sell using persuasive talk or advertising
- ☆ Baseball
- to throw (the ball) to the batter
- to assign (a player) to pitch
- to serve as pitcher for (a game, inning, etc.)
- Golf to loft (a ball), esp. in making an approach
- Music to determine or set the key of (a tune, an instrument, or the voice)
Etymology: ME picchen, ? form of picken, to pick
intransitive verb
- to encamp
- to take up one’s position; settle
- to hurl or toss anything, as hay, a baseball, etc.
- to fall or plunge headlong
- to incline downward; dip
- to plunge or toss with the bow and stern rising and falling abruptly: said of a ship
- to move in a like manner in the air: said of an aircraft
- to plunge forward; lurch, as when off balance
- to act as pitcher in a ballgame
- to loft a golf ball, as in making an approach
noun
- act or manner of pitching
- a throw; fling; toss; specif., a throw by a pitcher to a batter
-
- the rising and falling of the bow and stern of a ship in a rough sea
- the movement up or down of the nose and tail of an airplane
- anything pitched
- the amount pitched
- a point or degree emotion was at a high pitch
- the degree of slope or inclination
- ☆ a card game of the all-fours family in which the suit of the first card led becomes trump
- ☆ Informal a line of talk, such as a salesman uses to persuade customers
- Brit.
- a playing field a cricket pitch
- a place, often assigned, for pitching a tent or parking a trailer, etc.
- a place where a street vendor, street performer, racecourse bookmaker, etc. sets up his stand
- Aeron.
- the adjustable blade angle of the propeller or rotor blade
- the distance advanced by a propeller in one revolution
- Archit. the slope of the sides of a roof, expressed by the ratio of its height to its span
- Geol., Mining the dip of a stratum or vein
- Golf a short, lofted shot, usually to the green
- Machinery
- the distance between corresponding points on two adjacent gear teeth
- the distance between corresponding points on two adjacent threads of a screw, measured along the axis
-
- Music, Acoustics that element of a tone or sound determined by the frequency of vibration of the sound waves reaching the ear: the greater the frequency, the higher the pitch
- Music a tone used as a standard of pitch for tuning instruments
in there pitching
☆
Informal working hard and enthusiastically
make a pitch for
☆
Slang to speak in favor or promotion of
pitch in
Informal
- to set to work energetically
- to make a contribution
pitch into
Informal
- to attack physically or verbally
- to set to work on energetically
pitch on
or pitch upon
to select; decide on
pitch
n.
-
Slope
slant, incline, angle; see grade 1, inclination 5.
-
A throw
toss, fling, hurl, heave, cast, pitched ball, ball, strike, delivery, offering*, the old apple*.
-
Musical frequency
frequency of vibration, rate of vibration, tone; see sound 2.
Standards of pitch include: concert, classic, high, low, international, French, Stuttgart, philharmonic, philosophical.
-
A viscous liquid
make a pitch for*
pitch
v.
- tent: A wall can be built in the time it takes to pitch a tent.
Converse of object
- descend: At the far end of the chamber, and between blocks, descends a 23 m pitch.
- invade: Within seconds of Mr Courtney signaling it was all over, Burnley players disappeared under a sea of fans who invaded the pitch.
Adjective modifier
- all-weather: Fred Riddell, said he was particularly disappointed at having to take money ear-marked for all-weather sports pitches.
- synthetic: A new synthetic sports pitch for Clarence Park was also agreed.
- waterlogged: The Peterborough game has been called off due to a waterlogged pitch.
- 10m: From the chamber a short climb up led to a 10m pitch.
- 20m: Back at the top of the 20m pitch a steep ramp leads up on the right.
- artificial: Which club was the first to install an artificial pitch?
Modifies a noun
- blackness: The French made fifteen charges, the final one in pitch blackness, but all were subject to disorganization and showers of arrows.
- pine: The gallery was added in 1837 and the interior of the church paneled in pitch pine in 1888.
- invasion: The police even thought that the cries from help on the terrace were the starts of a pitch invasion.
- accent: Pitch and stress: Japanese is only minimally semantically tonal, tho the majority of dialects have a word pitch accent.
- darkness: More dim light — almost blinding, after the pitch darkness — creeps through.
Noun used with modifier
- football: We were pitched on a sandy football pitch, which belonged to a local school.
- cricket: The low arched entrance faced across the cricket pitch.
- fever: The poll tax raised awareness of local taxation to fever pitch for a few years.
- turf: Harthill Royal currently has 5 aside astro turf pitch, which incurs a charge to use the facility.
- hockey: The gardens include a natural lake and orchard as well as tennis courts and a hockey pitch.
- rugby: There are also some additional rugby pitches provided within schools.
—Craster, Mrs Edmund d.1874
He that toucheth pitch shall be difiled therewith; and he that hath fellowship with a proud man shall be like unto him.
—Bible (Apocrypha)
Propinquity had brought Imagination to that pitch where it casts out All that is not itself. I had grown wild And wandered murmuring everywhere,’My child, my child.’
—Yeats,W(illiam) B(utler)
Time has three dimensions and one positive pitch or direction. It is therefore not so much like any river or any sea as like the Sea of Galilee, which has the Jordan running through it and giving a current to the whole.
—Hopkins, SirAnthony
There are people on the pitchthey think it’s all overit is now!
—Wolpert, Lewis
No worst, there is none.Pitched past pitch of grief, More pangs will, schooled at forepangs, wilder wring. Comforter, where, where is your comforting?
—Hopkins, SirAnthony
If I could only live at the pitch that is near madness When everything is as it was in my childhood Violent, vivid and of infinite possibility.
—Eberhart, Richard Ghormley
If the wild bowler thinks he bowls Or if the batsman thinks he’s bowled, They know not, poor misguided souls, They too shall perish unconsoled. I am the batsman and the bat, I am the bowler and the ball, The umpire, the pavilion cat, The roller, pitch, and stumps and all. See Emerson 313:39.
—Lang, Andrew
6.
acuteness; keenness, as of thought or vision
Etymology: Fr acuité acuitas acus, needle: see acerose
Converse of object
- decrease: If this cannot be achieved, examine the eye again in case there is another cause for decreased acuity such as early lens opacity.
- correct: Of the eyes with poor outcome ( best corrected acuity 6/60 at 2 months ) half were due to pre-existing eye diseases.
- measure: The re-evaluation will consist of a repeat attempt to measure visual acuity.
- improve: To this end luminaries should have full horizontal cut off using a white light source to improve visual acuity.
- reduce: Glare from direct, reflected, or scattered sunlight causes discomfort and reduces visual acuity.
- present: The principal cause of visual impairment was identified for eyes with presenting visual acuity 6/18.
Adjective modifier
- visual: Visual acuity measures the eye’s ability to resolve spatial detail.
- binocular: Results Patients ‘ mean age = 78 years, mean binocular distance logMAR acuity = 0.5, mean binocular contrast sensitivity = 1.15.
- uncorrected: Surgery led to an increase in against the rule astigmatism, which was the major cause of uncorrected visual acuity less than 6/18.
- corrected: At 6 months post-op, 8 eyes had a best corrected visual acuity of 6/6 with complete resolution of symptoms.
- post-operative: There is a significant Difference between post-operative visual acuity in these groups.
- sensory: Sensory acuity In the workplace, communication is a constant process.
Modifies a noun
- measurement: Yet, reading acuity measurement is often not properly understood and not properly calculated.
- chart: Snellen Letter Chart - a distance acuity vision chart that is commonly seen in the doctor’s surgery.
- outcome: Monitoring visual acuity outcome of cataract surgery in India.
- test: The Snellen visual acuity test is commonly used to measure an individual’s visual acuity.
- assessment: Special emphasis was given to acuity assessment in amblyopia.
Noun used with modifier
- distance: Candidates need to be aware that there is more to vision than distance acuity.
Preposition: in
- eye: Definitions A blind child is an individual aged less than 16 years, who has a visual acuity in the better eye of 3/60.
Preposition: of
- eye: The honeybee’s eye is estimated to have one per cent of the visual acuity of a human eye.
sa·gac·ity (sə gas′ə tē)
noun pl. -·ties
the quality or an instance of being sagacious; penetrating intelligence and sound judgment
Etymology: Fr sagacité sagacitas
- mind: I must do many things which require skill of hand and also sagacity of mind.
Converse of object
- have: His services are much in request, and he has evidently great sagacity and skill in his department of work.
Adjective modifier
- political: I think that the language of the Amendment reflects the political sagacity of the Opposition.
- great: His services are much in request, and he has evidently great sagacity and skill in his department of work.
- intuitive: Spies cannot be usefully employed without a certain intuitive sagacity.
- certain: Spies cannot be usefully employed without a certain intuitive sagacity.
- much: The author exhibits much sagacity as well as learning, and criticizes effectively the errors, inconsistencies, and exaggerations of his predecessors.
- exceptional: Such thoughts as these afford no proof of mental vigor or exceptional sagacity.
8.
9.
10. prodigious : enormous wonderful
- wonderful; amazing
- of great size, power, extent, etc.; enormous; huge
- Obsolete portentous
Etymology: L prodigiosus, marvelous prodigium: see prodigy
Modifies a noun
- feat: Such studies allow us to investigate how seals are able to perform their prodigious diving feats.
- talent: Song now faces Northern Ireland’s prodigious talent Mark Allen in the semi finals.
- appetite: In his youth he is said to have had a prodigious appetite, being able to consume nine pounds of steak at a meal.
- quantity: Colin Davies was prescribed prodigious quantities of paracetamol for his spinal pain.
- leap: Others suggest her long-jump style - a pounding run, a prodigious leap, a thumping landing - brings the pain.
- output: However, given Seymour Mayne’s prodigious output, we will not have to wait long to discover whether he can regain his form.
Modifying Another Word
- so: All Sunday lunches should be so prodigious, so multi-faceted, so lovingly cooked, so respectfully carved.
- quite: His talent is quite prodigious and we are looking forward seeing him at this level where I am sure he will be very effective.
- already: When the rest is already prodigious, you need a lot of power in hand.
- too: No item is too humble nor too prodigious for Philippe Starck to focus his extraordinary talents on.
March 26th, 2009 at 4:28 am
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